"The San Antonio Express" - June 24, 1945

              ON TODAY'S EDITORIAL PAGE
Congress and Food Control: Editorial Two Faiths: A Lay Sermon Brown and Lawrence: Columnists War and Politics: Cartoons
m tffpress
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P l a n e s
Czar
Full e s
Says Japanese
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unprepared. But the haunting thought that he might not be there when the booty was divided was always with him. policy had reached its lowest depth.
Ciano reported:
AUG. to Germany) continues his favor­ite theme . . . that a sudden deci­sion be made by Hitler by Aug. 15. . . . Either this ambas­sador has lost his head, or he sees and knows something that escapes us. Appearances are in favor of the first alternative. ..." Ciano Plagued AUG. write a pri­vate letter from which it appears that he disagrees with the am­bassador (Attolico) about the dangers of an approaching crisis. . . . the new military atta­che, informs us about the con­centration of forces on the Polish border. Who can be right? . . .
AUG. situation seems blurred to me. I am beginning to consider a meeting with "Von Rib-bentrop."
following Germans we shall go to war under the most unfavorable conditions for the Axis and especially for Italy. Our gold
Senate Favors
World Charter,
Poll Shows
Copyright, The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, June
majority of the is ready
to approve the Nations
charter.
Indications are clear that rati­fication
may command the sup­port
of far more than the two-thirds
required for approval.
An Associated Press poll reach­ing
73 of the 96 members today
found none declaring outright
Senate Won't Ratify
Before Big-3 Meeting
By United Press
WASHINGTON, June/
President Truman hasn't even
an outside chance of taking to
the Big 3 meeting senate rati-of
the United Nations
charter, it appeared Saturday.
The Big 3 meeting, the Pres­ident
has will start near
Berlin some time before July
17. Senate ratification before
that date now impos­sible,
although the charter will
be submitted on July 2. Ulti­mate
approval, however, is
taken for granted.
opposition. Fifty said they would
vote "aye," "barring unforseen
developments." Five said
probably would vote "aye." Eigh­teen
were not ready to commit
themselves.
Strong Support Shown
Strong support for the treaty
which President Truman expects
to bring back from San Fran­cisco
developed on
both sides of the senate
Story outlining terms of
world charter appears on
Page 6.
with 34 Democrats and 16 Re­publicans
outspokenly for rati­fication.
The question asked them was:
"Will you vote for U. S. adher­ence
to the United Nations Char-tar
as now stands, barring un-developments?"
toward United States'
in a world organi-to
the peace is
}so that some senators
fact they had
studied the charter in detail.
Some stated their positions be-the
published
in fu
Back Delegates
"We must and approve
it without delay," declared Sen.
EUender (Dem.), Louisiana. "We
have delegated some of our best
talent to represent us at the
conference and it is up to us to
back their decision to the limit.
"I make that statement un­qualifiedly
and without knowing
what the charter will finally con-
Continued on Page 4, Column 7
Anderson May Reject
Executive Order of
President by Bill
By Associated Press
WASHINGTON, June 25.
culture.
presidential orders and divest
O.P.A. and the war food admin­istration
of any food or agricul­ture
controls.
Subject To Senate Action
The entire measure still is
subject to the senate's action
and leaders of both parties were
certain the legislation would
wind up in a conference com­mittee
of the two houses.
The price control act was due
to expire July 1.
Before approving the one-year
foregone
the bouse:
support of Repub­licans
and a bloc of Democrats
adopted a provision by Rep. An­dersen
(Rep.) Minnesota, mak­ing
all government orders on
food subject to the approval of
the secretary of agriculture.
Eases Slaughter Rules
2. Adopted an amendment by
Rep. Patman (Rep.) Texas, to
remove slaughtering restrictions
from local, independent plants
when held in "sanitary condi­tion"
by the secretary of agri­culture.
This also would permit
VOL. LXXX-NO. YEAR SAN SUNDAY JUNE 24, 5c
DIARY
It's a Showdown: Nazis Want War
II Duce Isn't Ready Yet to Fight, But Yearns for a Cut of the Booty
This is the sixth article based on the diary of Ciano, Italy's foreign minister and son-in-law of Duce.
1945, by The Chicago Daily News, Inc. All rights for all countries, including right of translation.)
Aug. 18, 1939
Count Ciano, Mussolini's son-in-law, went to Salzburg for a showdown with Hitler and Ribbentrop in August, 1939, and got it. He was told flatly there would be war. Nothing prevent it.
Mussolini's immediate reaction, as Ciano's diary dis­closes, was to which Italy was hopelessly
Facing Gravest Crisis
The house, in hectic uprising
against the O.P.A., to By Associated Press
transfer absolute food con- FRANCISCO. June
to the cabinet Saturday,
then approved a one-year
tension of the price control fe' nounced to the empire
It approved overwhelmingly , " day with message from
a bill giving the O.P.A. another peror Hirohito stating
year of life, but before it did so pon's "present crisis is un­it
hammered the act Re- , , . .
publican-sponsored amendments , precedented m scope m her
to make its decisions subject to ' national history"
court review and to transfer all , Domei agency, ' in broadcasts
authority over agricultural pro- . , said the
ducts to the secretary of emperor expressed satisfaction at
s u p o r t e r s | I people, and war Minister the valor and courage of the Japa-claimed
the agriculture Anami declared that
ment would the secretary I the service recently passed
of agriculture power to ignore by the diet, "laid the foundation
now federally-inspected to
nothing as well as our stocks interstate channels as
metals. Our economic and mili­tary
preparations are far
complete. I propose to Duce
a meeting with Von
. . . during which I will discuss
Mussolini's project for a world
peace conference."
decide to leave to­morrow
night for Salzburg.
is anxious to prove to the
Germans with documents that
war at this time would be folly.
Our preparations are not such as
to permit us to be certain of
victory. The probabilities are 60
per cent, or so Duce thinks.
Continued on Page 6, Column 1
a means of improving distribu­tion.
3. Approved a proposal by Rep.
Dirksen (Rep.) Illinois, giving
individuals the right to obtain
court injunctions against O.P.A.
regulations and appeal O.P.A.
orders to federal courts.
4. Wrote in the previously-ap­proved
senate amendment to
guarantee a profit margin to meat
processors.
Works Overtime
The house worked until twi­light
to finish up the price-control
act and, shortly before adjourn-
Continued on Page 4, Column 1
13 GOVERNORS DEMAND
RATION SYSTEM CHANGES
By Associated Press ,
NEW YORK, June
teen governors, declaring the na­tion
faces "a breakdown of ra­tioning
and price control" be­cause
of the black market, rec­ommended
Saturday a "major
overhauling" of the ration point
system, including use of red
points for meat only.
Action Now
The state executives, conclud­ing
a conference on food prob-said
in a seven-page state­ment
that the ration program was
"faulty," and asked for "rigid
enforcement on a national basis"
of rationing regulations.
"Until our dealings in food is
again under control," the gover­nors
said, "the O.P.A. should con­centrate
on this and fields
rather than enforcing ceilings on
cocktails and fur coats."
Recommendations Made
The governors said "it is in­herent
in the food supply situa­tion
that states cannot take over
the federal enforcement of O.P.A.
regulations" and declared that
"the more rigorously any state
enforces the law, the more it
penalizes its own people unless
the law equally enforced
throughout the nation."
Their statement, second issued
during the conference, contained
these additional recommenda­tions:
A single government agency
should be made responsible for
the food program.
of "most of
new slaughterers."
New meat allocation regula­tions
allowing for seasonal varia­tion
of population.
More effective control over the
meat supply available to public
eating establishments.
Hit Quota System
of the quota
system "with a view to local
quota fixing in each area based
on its own conditions."
The governor said reports of
illegal sales as high as 90 per
cent of total sales in some areas
"represent an alarming
cy toward a complete breakdown
in price control of these essential
foods."
The quota system was de­scribed
as "operating to reduce
the total supply of meat avail­able"
and adjustments in subsidy
payments were said to be provid­ing
only temporary improvement.
President Busy With Big-3 Meeting Plans;
Witness Charter Signing On Monday
By Associated Press White House Press Secretary
Wash., June
President Truman worked Sat­urday
on plans for his forthcom­ing
"Big 3" meeting, devoting
much of his time to a review
of last-minute reports from all
over the world.
Except for his usual before-breakfast
walk on the capitol
grounds, the President remained
most of the day at his desk in
the executive mansion here.
The President has exchanged
personal messages with Premier
Stalin
Churchill
a guest of
C.
Charles G. Ross told reporters
the President "is always think­ing
about the Big 3 meeting," to
be held near Berlin in mid-July.
Little Opposition
Mr. Truman was
reported to have counted less
than 12 potential votes against
the postwar peace organization
charter he is expected to submit
to , the senate for ratification
July 2. (An Associated
Press poll of 73 of the 96 sena­tors
found none asserting out­right
opposition; 18 were unde­cided.)
the charter to
fipoM Kansas
late next week, possibly Sunday,
after participating in home-com­ing
celebrations at Independ­ence,
his home town, Wednes­day,
and at Kansas City, Thurs­day.
Visit Fort Lewis
The President is understood to
have talked personally with vir­tually
every member of the sen­ate
and to be counting upon char­ter
votes that may surprise some
observers.
He scheduled a visit Sunday to
Lewis, big army camp im­portant
in redistribution of forces
going to the Pacific, while aides
From Corps
NO quick orders to get low before a nest of snipers and
chinegunners, this American fighting lad keeps company with a blasted Jap on a
leading through Cagayan Valley in northeastern Luzon.
Recognition
Sure for New
By Associated
LONDON, June
and London predicted Saturday
night that the United States and
Britain would abandon the Lon­don
Poles and recognize the new
"provisional Polish government
of National Unity" probably with­a
matter days.
Moscow dispatches said that
the new government formed in
Moscow Friday soon would leave
for Warsaw, where the exact
composition of the was
to be announced early
next week.
Election Not Settled
The assignment of cabinet posts
and a pledge from the reorgan­ized
government to hold "free
and unfettered" elections ap­peared
the only questions delay­ing
recognition of the new admin­istration,
formed from represen­of
the Soviet-sponsored
government, former
members of the exiled London
government and democratic lead­ers
from within Poland.
Responsible British quarters
said recognition would come as
soon as the new government
promised an election. In Mos­cow,
however, British and Amer­ican
circles said that it might
not come until the elections were
completed.
Automatic recognition of the
Continued on Page 4, Column 6
Storm Swirls
Toward Florida
And Alabama
By Associated Press
NEW ORLEANS, June
The first tropical storm of the
summer swirled Saturday to­ward
the Alabama-Florida Gulf
Coast, a section dotted with ship­yards
and military installations.
In a 3 p. m. (Central War Time)
advisory, the United States
Weather Bureau reported the cen­ter
of the disturbance probably
will hit into the coast early Sun­day
morning between Mobile,
Ala., and Panama City,
The bureau warned that the
whole section from Tampa, Fla.,
to Biloxi, Miss., would feel in­creasing
winds late Saturday
afternoon and Saturday night.
Yanks, Guerrillas Race
For Junction on
By Press
MANILA, June campaign in Luzon's broad
Cagayan Valley raced toward a swift climax Sunday as the
U.S. 37th Infantry Division moved 13 miles to
17 miles of guerrilla forces holding off the Japanese
at the town of Tuguegarao.
- The Japanese, now estimated
I number no more than 20,000
Take the whole valley, have been
Big Oil Fields
Illustrated on Page 8.
By Associated Press
MANILA, Sunday, June
Australian 9th Division troops on
Borneo have seized the great
Seria oil fields without opposition
after a spectacular 60-mile march of the U.S. 6th Army
southwest down the
counterattacking furiously for
two and one-half days against the
guerrillas, led by Col. Russell W.
Volckmann.
The guerrillas, who cut down
the and seized the town
three days ago, were withstand­ing
tank, mortar and artillery at­tack
while waiting for the 37th
Division to relieve them.
There was no new word on
north General MacArthur's
headquarters announced Sunday.
The rich Japanese-sabotaged
oil district was taken Thursday
night and Friday morning, it was
disclosed.
Some of the 50 producing wells
still were burning as a result of
enemy demolitions when the Aus­tralians
moved in.
The field, which before the
war produced tons an­nually,
had been destroyed once
before, in 1942, just before the
Japanese arrived.
It was expected to be put back
into operating condition a com­paratively
short time, however,
will be a valuable addition
to the Allied war supplies, as its
petroleum is sufficiently pure to
be used as ship's bunker oil with­out
refining.
The Australians already had
captured the Miri airfield, 20-
odd miles down the coast from
Seria after a shore-to-shore oper­ation
and were advancing on the
town of Miri, heart of another
oil field district which had begun
to play out before the
The Melbourne radio the
Aussies also had smashed the
last Japanese resistance on La-buan
Island, in the mouth of
Brunei Bay, where they made
their initial landings June 10, and
also had cleared out Tarakan
Island, off Borneo's east coast,
which they invaded on May 1.
San Antono and vicinity; Partly
cloudy with a minimum temper-ture
Sunday morning of 70 de­grees.
Maximum Saturday, 90;
minimum, 69.
on Page 4, Column 3
COST OF BATTLES
Lt.Comdr. Wm. J. burton "is authority for the
statement that the battle of Okinawa, now finally con­cluded,
had cost the navy $8,800,000,000 up to June 1.
The battle has been won, but other battles are to come.
That is why more and more money is needed. The
7th War Loan is a means of paying for the ammunition,
supplies, and weapons to be used in bringing nearer
victory.
and Igorot guerrilla forces who
were disclosed Saturday to have
captured Aparri, last Japanese
escape port Luzon.
The guerrillas already had
sliced eight miles southward
from Aparri, however, in a move
to join with the Tuguegarao guer­rillas
and the 37th Division.
The days of the Japanese oc­cupation
of the big northern val­ley
seems definitely numbered,
however, as the American and
guerrilla forces in the valley
moved toward a triple conver­gence.
Yanks Uncover
Royal Jewels
By Associated Press
ROSENHEIM, Germany,
cache of royal Hungarian
treasures valued by American
authorities at $75,000,000 has
been uncovered by U.S. 42nd Di­vision
infantrymen at Mattsee,
13 miles northeast of the Aus­trian
city of Salzburg.
The cache included gold, sil­ver,
jewels and what officers said
was the diamond, ruby and pearl-studded
"Holy Hand of St.
Stephen," king of Hungary from
997 to 1038 A. D.
for sure victory."
The act, which became effec­tive
Friday, established a people's
volunteer corps combat force to
protect Japan in case of invasion.
Arms Move
'It will enable the Nipponese
to "take up arms under the di­rect
command of his imperial
majesty and to participate in op­erations
at their places of living
or working," said Anami. He
called the act the "greatest step
in Japanese military history since
the adoption of universal mili­tary
conscription in 1873."
While an emergency grant of
power by the diet to Premier
Kantaro Suzuki to permit his
government to rule by decree be­came
effective Saturday, there al­ready
is speculation in Tokyo
that Emperor Hirohito might
take supreme command in the
nation's crisis.
Claim Raids
A Tokyo radio commentator
Friday discussed "personal gov­ernment
by the emperor," which,
he said, would not be "despotic
or absolute government," but
more on the order of "parental
authority."
The Japanese radio also re­ported
without confirmation that
more than 100 American fighter
planes and three Superforts Sat­urday
raided airfields on Honshu
and Kyushu islands in the Japa­nese
Archipelago.
Another broadcast, unsubstan­tiated
by Allied sources, said
Japanese suicide flyers crashed
into 20 "enemy" warships and
other vessels around American-held
Okinawa Friday night
Saturday. It claimed that at least
one warship was sunk and that
other vessels hit included two
battleships and three destroyers.
Tokyo newspaper Yomiuri Ho-chi
said reports from China indi­cated
that Chungking troops and
the American airforce in China
were preparing for a counter-offensive
against Japanese forces.
Domei, quoting Hochi's Chi­nese
dispatches in a broadcast
from Tokyo, said more than 40
Chinese divisions were being put
into position to strike at Japan's
forces on the Asiatic mainland
from the rear "when if
American forces in the Pacific
attempt to land on China's coast
By Press
GUAM, June 24. The
downing of 59 Japanese sui­cide
planes in 48 hours at
Okinawa and the slaughter
on the ground of 8,000 more
enemy troops, raising total
Japanese casualties to 105,-
496, were announced today
by fleet headquarters. The
enemy's surrenders
soared the prisoner total to
6,932.
Army and marine fighters, war­ship
and shore iguns bagged the
enemy downed
in three a series
of strong raids begun Thursday,
the day Okinawa was declared
secured, and which continued up
to midnight Friday.
Mustangs Get 69
Sixty-nine more planes
were destroyed or damaged by
Mustang fighters from wo
which struck two enemy air­fields
north of Tokyo Saturday.
Three Mustangs were lost.
Enemy planes in the forma­tions
attacking Okinawa
day and Friday included high
quality pilots flying new type
fighters and twin-engined Betty
bombers.
Tokyo radio broadcast elabo­rate
claims of more than 20
American ships sunk or dam­aged,
including two battleships,
but Admiral Chester W. Nimitz
made no additions to the previ­ous
acknowledgement of two light
naval units sunk, an auxilitary
14th Airforce in China are being "frantically pushed" and head­quarters of the 14th A.A.F. will be moved from Kunming to "some­where in southeastern China," the newspaper said.
Sen. James Dies at San
By Associated Press SAN June U. S. Sen. James ham (Dem.), Nevada, died the San Diego Naval Satur­day of a heart ailment which had confined him there since March 30.
He was elected to the senate in 1942 to fill the term of the late Sen. Key Prior to that he had served 10 years the lower house.
He is survived by the widow and two children, all of whom are in Reno.
Bombing Nazis Got
By Associated Press
OKINAWA, June 20 (De­H.
H. Arnold,
five-star chief of the U.S. Army
Airforces, predicted today Ja­pan
would have little industry
left by fall, added grimly:
"What Germany saw (in the
way of air war) is only an
amateurish effort compared to
what Japan is going to get."
and two other ships damaged Thursday night.
Tactics Morp Skillful
The air battles of intercepting marine Corsairs and army Thun­derbolts with the raiding "first team" reached its height Friday morning. Zeke fighter was rammed and knocked out by a marine Corsair pilot who had exhausted his ammunition. The marine flyer bailed out and was rescued from the water,
Japanese tactics were reported considerably more skillful than in previous Okinawa raids.
Some of the twin-engined bomb­ers carried Baka bombs. Most of these were shot down before they had a chance to release their rocket-propelled suicide craft. There were unconfirmed re- same Baka bombs
New airfields for the American, were released but that none
caused damage.
Japs Order Murder, Suicide Of Own Wounded
By Press
MANILA,
officers ordered and enforced the
execution or suicide of a large
percentage of the 82,012 Japa­nese
who were wounded in the
Philippines, U.S. military authori­ties
disclosed
"History rarely records such
callousness in its atrocities,"
their statement It was
based on captured enemy docu­ments.
Japanese commanders even
helped carry out their orders;
their orders were to die either
at their own hands or by those
of "friends." Officers shot or
their wounded.
mitted "freedom of meditation" for 24 hours, one captured order disclosed. Then they killed them­selves or were killed.
A Japanese private captured by the Americans after escaping a Japanese hospital said 19 or 20 seriously ill fellow-patients were killed by hypodermic injection administered by a medical offi­cer.
"In the Philippines campaign, captured records and documents identified approximately 82,012 enemy wounded," said the state­ment.
indicates that, with the exception of a small per-
4,000 Planes Destroyed
Types of enemy planes em­ployed
included navy Zeke fight­ers,
Army Oscar fighters, Franks
which are new army fighters,
Georges, which are new navy
fighters, and Jacks which are
stubby army jobs.
The attacks reached their in­tensity
between and 10:30
a. m. Friday when 35 raiders
were bagged.
More than 4.000 Japanese
planes have been destroyed in at­tacks
Friday on Kyushu, south­ernmost
island of Japan. He also
reported, without elaboration, air
attacks on bases in the
Ryukyus both north and south
of Okinawa.
The new estimate of enemy
dead skyrocketed more than 8,000
Continued on Page 4, Column 3
THE WAR
IN THE PACIFIC
JAPAN Suzuki government as­sumes
dictatorial power to meet
powerful U.S. air, sea and land
blows against Japanese main­land.
Page 1.
great
Seria oil fields without opposi­tion,
as Jap resistance ends on
Tarakan, oil island, off
East Borneo coast. Page 1.
PHILIPPINES Cagayan Valley
campaign nears end as U.S.
Army and guerrilla forces near
junction. Page 1.
shoot down
59 Japanese in three
48-hour period
in Okinawa area. Page 1.
I
A